Internal-combustion engine.



C. S. GOBY.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FlLED JUNE 24. 1910.

Patented 960.12, 1916.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

(1.8.GUBY.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATIGN FILED JUNE 24. mo.

1,208,308. I Patented 1)ec.12,1 916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2" Iii C. S. GUBY.

INTERNAL' COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24.1910.

Patented Dec. 12. 191C).

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLIFFORD S. GOB'T', 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIC S'NMEN TS, THE ROCKEFELLER MOTOR COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, 01-110, A CORYURATION OE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

Application filed June 24, 1910. Serial No. 568,612.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLIFFORD S. Gel 3r, a citizen. of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, 'have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact. de-- scription, reference being had to the accomlllOlE particularly to the type-of internal combustion engine shown in my'Patent No. 1,100,656, issued June 16, 1914, and to the valve construction which is illustrated, described and claimed in my application 795,819, filed Oct. 18, 1913, a division of the aforesaid patent.

The invention herein consists in certain combinations and arrangements ofpart's of the valves and the lay-shaft chamber which are not claimed in the aforesaid application.

Generally speaking, the invention may be further defined as consisting of the combinations of elements embodied in the claims hereto annexed and illustrated. in the drawings forming part hereof, wherein-- Flgure 1 represents a view, partly 1n plan and partly in section, of a four cylinder en- !gme constructed in accordance with my. n-

vention; Fig. 2 represents a view, partly in side elevaion and partly in vertical section,

of the engine shown in the preceding figure;

Fig. 3'i'ep'resents a front'elevation ofthe engine shown in the preceding views, certain parts being illustrated in section; Fig. 4

. represents a detail in elevation of the valve and the operating means therefor; Fig. 5 represents a side elevation of the inner guide memberfor the valve proper, and Fig. 6 a

' detail, partly in section and partly in elevation, of the engine and lay shaft, with a driving connection therebetween The engine frameconsists generally of abese section 1 and an upper section 2, said sections being formed separate castings, the upper section being provided at its base with a flange 3 adapted to rest on top of the base section 1. The base section has formed therewithin a crank chamber for the main. shaft and its cranks and a chamber for lay shaft'and its cranks, said chambers being preferably in free communication with each other. H

The upper section 2 forms, with a cover section, a water jacket for the cylinders and for the inlet and exhaust valves, completely surrounding the cylinder heads and the valves, particularly the portions of theis aid cylinders and valves which are subjectedlto the highest temperatures. F urthermore, the

construction of water jacket disclosed possesses' structural) advantages, enabling it .to be cast with a minimum of coring; Within. the section 2 are mounted the, cylinders .4. Each cylinder is cast with the cover. section 5,..the cover beingintegral with alilaotthe cylinders, and the cylinders, together with. the corresponding cover section, are secured-'- in place by means of rings 6 threaded onto.

the exterior of the lower end of each cylin-' der and engaging the base of the upperisection 2, the lower end of such section being; contracted, as shown at 2 to form, bearingfor the upper edge of the rings and a close joint with the cylinders I The coversecti on 5 extends. the full length and width of the engine and is provided with suitable openings in the top for the re ception 01. cover plates 7, which may be con veniently and reniovably anchored by means of bolts 8, having each a cross head 9 at its lower. end adapted to extend across the bore of the valve chamber beneath said cover and engage a flange 10. The covers are secured in place by means of nuts 11 on the outer or upper ends of the bolts.

Cast with each cylinder 4 but spacedthera froinisa pair of valve casings, each being in the form of a sleeve 12, each sleeve being provided, about mid-way of its length, with a series of segmental ports :13, extending partially therearound and communicating with a duct 1a carried by and merging with the head of each cylinder 4. This sleeve depends also from the cover sect-ion 5, being preferably cast with the head and with the wallsof the duct 14, and is provided with a ring 15 threaded onto its lower endand' abutting against awall 16-carriedbyjhe up per section 2, said wall extending entirely around the sleeve and forming the top of the chamber which contains the lay shaft. In order to prevent leakage,.a packing ring.

17 is inserted in a suitable recess between the ring and the Wall 16.

lVithin each. casing there is mounted a tubular slide valve 18, said valve being 5 cylindrical and being connected at its lower end by a connecting rod 19 with a crank 20, projecting from the lay shaft "21. The slide valve 18 is provided, about midway of its length, with a series (if-segmental ports 22 adapted to con'miunicate with the corresponding ports 13 in the outer sleeve or valvecas ing 12. lVithin the slide valve 18 there is mounted a liner or bushing 23, said liner or bushing being anchored within, the sliding valve by an arm 2st from any convenient part of the upper iasing section. As shown more pru'ticularly in Fig. 3, adjacent liners or lnxshingsmay be supported from a com-" mon pin 25 extending through a web 36 car-- ried by. the upper casing section The liner or bushingfli; has a. transverse parti tion 27 therein, about midway of its height, and is provided above such partition with a series of segmental ports 28 adapted to register with the ports 22. and 13. The liner or bushing and the casing 12 form an annular valve seat for the cylindrical slide valve 18 and, to prevent leakage between the sleeve 12 and the slide valve 18, the latlo arted respectively above and below the segmental ports and adapted to bear against the sleeve 12.

It will be observed that each cylinder is provided with pair of similarly constructed valves, each valve comprising a sliding sleeve with an inner and an outer sleeve or bushing between which it moves. One of these valves is for the supply of the coml'fllStlblL-i mixture to the .-.ylinder and one is for the exhaust of the gases oil? combustion from the cylinder. In the arrangement shown herein, the inner oi the two valves of each of the outermost cylinders of the series is an inlet valve and he outer valve of each of the middle pair of cylinders is an inlet valve, the inlet valves for an end cylinder and the next adjacent cylinder being connected with a common inlet branch pipe 31, the branch pipes merging into a conin'iou supply pipe The outlet valves are connected by suitable pipe sections ant branches 33 with a common. outlet pi pe Bl. As will appear irorn liig. 1, the upper ends at the valves for each cylinder are separated by a partition 35, whereby the inlet and exhaust gases are maintained. separate, the a rrangemcnt of these parts being, shown The upper casing ter is provided with. packing rings 2.9 and 30 in connection with the second cylinder.

eration of the engine.

In tlie lower portion of the casing IS :mounted the main. shaft 3?, said shaft being provided with cranks, one for each cylinder, the cranks being connected by the usual connecting rods 38 with their respective pistons 39. The pistons will .be of usual construction and the adjacent cranks will projest from the main shaft at an angle of degrees with respect to each other. line end oi the shaft provided with a fly Wheel 40 and the opposite end is shown as provided .with a. spiral gear il meshing with a similar spiral gear 42 on an intermediate shaft 43 which carries at its opposite end a spiral gear 44 meshing with a similar gear if) on the lay shaft 21. The shaft i3 is provided with anti-friction bearings 46. its will appear more particularly from Fig. 5, the parts are so arranged that the shaft 21 will be driven at a slower rate of speed than the main shaft 37, the vreduction being four to one. With this ratio of reduction, the ports in" the inlet vaiveflvill be brought into register, with the ports in the surroumling casing only duringalternate reciprocations of the piston and :tt'or the same reason, the ports in the exhaust valve will be brought i nt-o register with the ports in the surrounding casing only during alternate reciprorations of the piston, while the manner of connecting the inlet and outlet valves to'the lay shaft will 'ause the ports of the two valves to register with their respective casing ports duringsuccessive reciprocations of tl piston. Furthermore, by the use of this ratio ot reduction and the location of the port or ports within their respective valves, each valve. will have its port or ports opened. and closed by a continuous n'iovement of the valve in onedirection; also the port or ports of each valve Will open and close by 1nove ments which are successively in opposite (ll-S rectlons and these movements will occur during correspoiuling cycles of the piston.

By, reference to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the center of the lay shaft 21 is odset from the axis of the valve sleeves. This offset arrangement is necessary in order to allow for the proper timing adjustment of the valves, whereby the ports in the valves may register with the ports in theirsurroumling casings or sleeves at the proper position of the pistons in thccylinders .Aspreviously stated, two similar valves are'provided with each cylinder, namely; an inlet valve and ltlll engine shown herein, four inlet and-four exhaust valves will be rovided. Each valve is connected with theay shaft 21 by a connecting rod 19 and a crank 20, and the cranks are so arranged that each will be forty-five degrees distant from its adjacent crank. As will appear from Fig. 2, each cylinder will be provided with the usual electrical ignitin device 49 which may be I carried by a bus ing 50 threaded into the 3 top of the cylinder. The casing will be provided with suitable removable plates 51, 52, 53 and 54 for purposes of-"inspection, repair,

etc. of the parts Within the casing.

Among the advantages of the invention disclosed herein are':The construction of the waterjacket, which .not only secures economy, of production (the jacket consisting moral of the upper section 2 and the cover 5 terefor) but also simplicity and convenience in assembling; also the water jacket is so constructed that the parts which are subjected to the greatest heat are entirely surrounded with water., The valve construction which, while securing maximumefliciency and avoidingjthe necessity for cam shafts and puppet valves, avoidsv the necessity,.for careful machining. The suspending of the inner cylinder 'orb'ushi'ng in'the mannershown secures an uninterruptedsupply of -fluid to the inlettvalve and the construction provides at' all times .an amplesupply-of fluid to and from, the

cylinder head through the ports. This amplesu'pply 'offiuidto and fromthe cylinders 1s. further insured by the relatively slow movement of-the valves, following from the four-to-one reduction between; jthe engine shaft and the lay shaft. Furthermore, the I particular construction of thevalveproper' @preventsleakag'e from the supply into the cylinder and vice versa. The extension of the innerliner or bushing 23 downwardly below the partition 27 prevent'sleakage into 1 the crank case,,while its extension above the v ports 28' revents leakage whenathe valve 3 I sleeve is Y the -'lin'ers'or bushings, affordedby the. pins ,25 and arms24,'enabl es these parts to float. within their-respective valves and to adjust,

' themselves to bring their axes into' coinevated. -.'The pivotal-support for ciden'ce with the axes of their respective '.valves, whereby binding is eliminated. Furlthermore, the abutments or. partitions 27 de- -"flect the gases which enter the liner sleeves or'bushings (either from theinlet supply or through the ports 28, from the cylinder) and prevent such gases from entering the lay-shaft casing and thecrank casing. "PA still further. advantage, which arises from the particular cpnstruction of the upper, portion of the valve, is the provision of a free, full, and uninterrupted supply of fluid to and from the inner cylinder or'- casing of the valve. The provision of the channel 55 surrounding the portion of each valve sleeve remote from the cylinder head provides a balanced construction which miniinizes the tendency of the valve slee've to bind and causes the sleeve to wear evenly in its seat.

A further and veryimportant point of advantage resides in the fact that there is no loss of compression in the cylinder due to the movement of the valve sleeve and no appreciable pumping action on the fuel supply.

The placing of-the two crank casesin communication or the making of the two crank cases substantially in one allows both sets of shaft connections to be oiled by the splash system.

The-arrangement of the valve ports and the manner of. operating the valves enables one to readily and conveniently inspect any of the valves and to quickly and easilyremove and replace any valve or valves should "occasion re uire.

Having 1: us described my inventiomwhat I-claim is In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a plurality of cylinders, a cylindrical valve chamber for each cylinderghavinga port intermediate of its ends communicating with its cylinder and having an open bottom and extending substantiall parallel with eachcylinder, a plate throng which the bottoms of said valve chambers extend, a chamber beneath said plate, a

shaft in the latter chamber, a tubular valve 'slidably mounted in each valve chamber and having a port intermediate. of its. ends adapted to register with the-corresponding port of its valve chamber, means connecting said valves with said shafts,-an abutment in each valve extending across thebore-thereof beneath the port in said valve, and a ring threaded in the lower end-of -ea-ch' valve chamber and adapted to bear against the lower surface of the plate.

2. In an internal combustion: engine, the! combination of a plurality of cylinders, 21. valve casing extending substantially parallel with each cylinder and having a' port communicatingwith 'its cylinder, a. plate through which the bottoms of said casings extend, a chamber beneath said plate, .a shaft in said chamber, a tubular-valve 'slid- 1 .120

' terior thereof and arrangedto prevent the gases flowing through its port from into the chamber beneath the plate.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a valve casing separate from the cylinder and having a passing poll adapted to communicate with tlu ('vliudcr. a lubular valvilongitudinally movable in said rasing and having! a port in its all adapted lo rcgisirr \\llil tho rasing port. an abnln-i-nl in rillll valvr at our sidc of the port lhcri-ol'. and a pivotal support for said abulnicnl.

l. in an iulcrnal combustion ougiuc, the combination of a c \lindrr. a valve lilhll'lfl scparair from llll' cvlindrr and having a port adaplcd lo ronnnuuiralr \vilh (hr c \'lindrr, a tubular valw longilinlinallv inovabhin said ca ing! and having a port in its \\'all adapted to rrgislcr with the casing port. a tubular linrr \vilbin thc valve and having aiport adapted to rcgister with the former ports and providcd with an abutment at our side of its port, and a pivotal support i'oi said liner.

ln an intcrual combustion rugiuc, the combination ol a ovliudcr, a valve using separate 'l'rom the rvlinder and having a port adapted in romnninicatiwith the oil iudrr. a tubular valve longitudinally movablc in said casing! and having a port in its will adapted to register with the casing port. a tubular liui-r within the valve and having a port adaplcd to registcr with the forincr ports and provided with an abutment at our sidc of its port, an arm connected to said liner, and means pivotallv anchoring said arm.

' valve in said casing to comauinl cate valve 'nrsaid casing adaptedinents to l. lu an internal rombustion engine, the combination of a rvlindi-r, a valvc rasing adjaccul thereto and having a port adapted to rounnuui atr lhi-rcivith, a sliding slvevc valve in said raising adapted by its niovrn'ivntsto oulrol said port. a tubular liner in the intcrior of said valve. and means supporting said liner \vhervbv it may bc adjusted with in l'lll valve to bring its axis into substantial roinridcuce,ivith the axis oi the valve.

7. ln an internal combustion engine, the roinbination of a cylinder, a valve easing adjacent thoreto'and having a port adapted to eoannuniratitherewith, a sliding sleeve.

adapted by its movements to control said port, a tubular liner in' the interior of said valve, said liner being provided with a partition tar-abutment, and moansadinstablv supporting said liner.

8; In an internal combustion engine, the combination of ovlinder, a valve casing adjacent thereto and having a port adapted therewith, a sliding sleeve by 'its move; :oiitrol a d port, a tubular-.lanerin the interior of said valve, an arm extend ing from one end of said ,lin-er, and a sup port where-rm said arm is pivoted,

In aninternal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of valve casings extending substantially, parallel with reciprocablv mounted within said casing and bv its movements 'to' :an abi meat or partition a cross, 1

rarh other and having ports ada ted to comllllllill'lllt' with the cylinders, a siding sleeve valve \vithin varh casing. a tubular liner in rach valve, rarli of said liners having an arm projrrliug from an end thereof, and a pin \vbri'con said arms are pivoted.

H). In an internal combustion engine, the roinbiuation of a plnralitv of cylinders, n valvc casing adjaccnt to each rvlinder having a port adapted to communicate thereivith, a sliding sltvvc valve reriproeably mounted within aid casing. a shaft for re riprocating said valves, a clnunber for said shai't. a tubular liner within each valve slccvc. and incans within said chamber for anchoring said liners.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, a valve casing adjarent each evlindorvancl having a port adaptcd to rommunicate therewith, a sliding slccve reciprocably mountrd within each of said casings, a shaft for reciprocating said valves, a chamber for said shaft. a tubular liner for each valve having a partition or abutment extending thereacross, and means for securing said liners to said chamber.

12. In an internal ronibustiol'i engine, the combination of a cylinder, a valve casing having, a port adapted to communicate with the said cylinder, a sliding sleeve valve recipro-ablv mounted within said casing and adapted by its movements to control said port. an abutment in said valve at one side of the port in said casing, and a pivotal support for said abutment.

. 13. In an internal combustion engine, the rombination of a cylinder, a valve casing ha ring a port adapted to communicate with the said cylinder, a sliding sleeve valve adapted by its nioven'ients to control sal port. an abutment in said valve at one side of the port in said' casing, and means supporting said abutment whereby it ma be adjusted within the valve to bring its axis into substantial coincidence 'with the axis of the valve.

14. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a valve casing having a port adapted to cornni'i'miea'teavith the cylinder, at slidii'ig sleeve-valve reciprocably mountediii-said casing and adapted control said port, a tubular liner within said valve and having l a'p-ivot'al support for said: V In testiniofivwhereof, I hereunto allix' my signature, in thepresence of two witnesses. a CLIFFORD SQGOBY. lvitness es z i l HULL,

Bananas B. Wns'r.

extending there- 

